Danuta Guzal-Dec
Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II, Biała Podlaska
Streszczenie
Local governments are obliged by law tasks assigned to them to take a lot of pro-ecology actions. Authorities’ activities should be included in the long-term development strategy of a municipality together with measures for the protection of environment taken by other local actors. The effectiveness of these measures depends on proper recognition of the need to protect environment. The reaction of local government should correspond to the identified pressures on environment and serve keeping it in at least unchanged state. Effective environmental policy pursued by local authorities depends largely on systematic monitoring of its condition and the degree of human pressure. Therefore, appropriate monitoring instruments in the form of indicators measuring the pressure, state and response to changes in environment are essential. The following paper presents a proposal of indicators assessing pressure, state and response to environmental changes in a rural municipality. The indicators can and should be used to:
- evaluate the effectiveness of environmental policies of individual municipalities,
- evaluate environmental values of rural municipalities,
- determine strategic areas due to environmental values,
- conduct effective interregional policy of environmental protection and distribution of measures allowing more
- optimal protection of environment,
- indicate problem municipalities as far as environment is concerned, facing particular difficulties in the
- implementation of sustainable development policies,
- inform local community about environmental issues in the municipality.
During the operationalization of the P-S-R model two major problems of its full implementation were recognised: limited availability of mass statistics data for the level of municipalities hinders detailed analysis of the PSR model for individual elements of environment: for example, pressure on soil- soil condition-soil protection, limited scope of the monitoring of environment for rural/urban-rural municipalities (short-term study, financial constraints of monitoring and lack of current representative research of the state of soils for example). Conducted analysis and undertaken project activities in the designation of the indicators of P-S-R for municipalities allow to formulate the following recommendations:
- the need to adapt CSO LDB to the needs of monitoring local sustainable development policy,
- propose financial preferences for supporting wastewater management in rural municipalities in Lublin Voivodeship (apart from the matters of information noise in the case of the indicator of the length of the sewerage system, e.g. in the form of commonly occurring solutions like home wastewater treatment plants because of which the indicator itself does not fully illustrate the state of access to wastewater treatment), there is still a very low level of rural municipal sewerage as compared to the urban municipalities of the voivodeship and rural municipalities of the country,
- the need to draw the central government’s attention to the need to increase rather than reduce the possibility of monitoring the state of environment by institutions set up to assess the needs of local environment,
- universal application of the framework of PSR method to assess ecological values of municipalities.
Słowa kluczowe
badanie cenności; województwo lubelskie
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