Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 2022, vol. 24, pp. 15-21

peopleJerzy Herdzik This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.orcid

institution  Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
doi1 https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002
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abstract 


The paper analyzes the reasons for the interest in natural gas as a potential marine fuel to replace the existing fuels derived from crude oil. The increase of environmental awareness and the effects of human activity caused the process of searching for more environmental friendly fuels. Naturally, interest has been shifted to a well-known energy source commonly found on Earth, in quantities much larger than crude oil. This fuel in the form of liquefied natural gas seems to be an attractive substitute for the currently dominant types of marine fuels. The technologies of its extraction, liquefaction, storage and transport were mastered and marine engines were adopted to its combustion as dual-fuel engines. The regulations introduced by the International Maritime Organization and the European Parliament, forcing the reduction of emissions harmful substances into the atmosphere from the combustion of marine fuels, require taking action to meet them. The proposals in individual next 30 years are given. Due to introduction of regulations to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, it is necessary to switch to fuels with a lower or zero carbon content or the use of biofuels recognized to be more environmental friendly. Due to only 25% lower carbon content in methane with its higher lower heating value, it is possible to reduce the direct emission from this gas by about 30%. However, in the processes from natural gas extraction to energy effect in engines as a fuel, methane leaks occur, significantly worsening its image as an ecological fuel. Researches indicate that with current technologies, natural gas should not be recognized as an ecological fuel until gas leaks are significantly reduced. The article justifies why LNG should be considered as a transient marine fuel, with the need to switch to other synthetic fuels, ammonia, and finally hydrogen.

 keywords


fuel for shipping; liquefied natural gas; marine fuel of the future; fuel leakage; green-house effect; atmosphere contamination

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AMA Style
Herdzik J. Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska. 2022; 24. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

ACM Style
Herdzik, J. 2022. Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska. 24. DOI:https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

ACS Style
Herdzik, J. Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 2022, 24, 15-25. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

APA Style
Herdzik, J. (2022). Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 24, 15-25. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

ABNT Style
HERDZIK, J. Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, v. 24, p. 15-25, 2022. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

Chicago Style
Herdzik, Jerzy. 2022. "Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac". Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 24, 15-25. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

Harvard Style
Herdzik, J. (2022) "Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac", Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 24, pp. 15-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

IEEE Style
J. Herdzik, "Liquefied Natural Gas – The Future Fuel for Shipping or Cul-de-sac", RoczOchrSrod, vol 24, pp. 15-25. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.002

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