Czesław Przybyła, Jerzy Bykowski, Karol Mrozik, Michał Napierała
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy, Poznań
Streszczenie
The aim of this study was to analyze the dynamics of groundwater level and water reserves changes in the active layer of the soil in the area of compensation activities. The study area covered the range of functioning culverts during the growing season in year of 2012. This paper for the first time presents a real area impact of hydraulic structures which is the surface of the flood footprint that arise as a result of water overflow into the polder from Warta river by culverts. According to the calculation the maximum coverage area of the building is less than 230 ha. It is not so much considering the fact that the whole area of the polder has almost 1200 hectares. Nevertheless, considering the fact of the importance of leading restoration activities in the Central Valley Warta the constant monitoring and verifications of changes are required. At this work relations between underwater level and water supply were presented. For that purpose a statistical relation between above mentioned parameters was determined. Using a simple regression equation the relationship between ground water and water reserves was showed. In addition, the changes of groundwater level and soil moisture of polder Zagorow were assessed against the monthly precipitation and average air temperatures by their own weather station. The results were compared with data from multiple years of 1981–2011 with a weather station in Slupca. On the basis of measurement average daily values of meteorological elements indicate reference evapotranspiration by using method of Penman-Monteith. Climatic water balance was calculated as the difference between the percentage of monthly precipitation P and the sum of the monthly reference evapotranspiration ETo. In addition, the study also monitored the level of water changes on the Warta river. Modeling studies conducted, in most cases gave satisfactory results. In most of the analyzed cases, the coefficient of determination was very high which means that the resulting regression equation significantly explains how the water reserves to groundwater level dependent. Best results are obtained at positions 1, 2 and 9, where more than 90% variation in the regression equation Y explained. Only in sections 4 and 5 shows the model inadequately describes the relationship test. In case of further analysis it is necessary to extend the model to a further independent variables. In this work, we can see that for some positions a major impact on the level of water reserves are influenced by the meteorological and hydrological conditions.
Słowa kluczowe
wody gruntowe; zapasy wody
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