Zbigniew Grudziński
Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN, Kraków
Streszczenie
Poland is a country in which the share of fossil fuels is very high. This share is now 86% and it decreased by 6% when compared to previous year. Taking into account the high share of coal in the power sector, this article addresses the issue of emissivity of coal and its impact on the cost of power generation. Coal combustion involves incurring environmental charges, which level depends, in part, on coal quality. Such compounds as SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, PM and waste disposal are of key importance. Coal products coming into the market may vary significantly in terms of qualitative parameters, what has an impact on the costs of use of the environment. Coal producers may indirectly affect part of the costs due to coal preparation. This applies mainly to emissions of SO2, PM and waste disposal. However, in the case of such gases as NOx, CO and CO2 the reduction is mainly achieved by applying relevant technologies on the coal users’ side. Calculations presented in this article show how costs of coal combustion, resulting from the use of the environment, can change depending on coal quality. Calculations were carried out on a wide range of parameters: Q: 18–26 MJ/kg, S: 0.3–1.4%, and A: 11–30%. The results of the calculations may be used for the estimation of the environmental costs as well as for the evaluation of grades of coal supplied to the power sector. The coal purchase contracts include, inter alia, the price of coal of specific quality parameters (Q, A, S). The calculated environmental costs of coal in a wide range of parameters can be also used to adjust the price of delivered coal when there is a difference between contractual agreements and the delivered coal quality.
Słowa kluczowe
węgiel kamienny; energetyka zawodowa
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