Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 2026, vol. 28, pp. 128-138

Amina Essamett , Fatima Essalhi , Ilham Rhzali , Hefdhallah Alaizari This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Mohammed Ennouali , Mohammed Ouhssine 

	Ibn Tofail University, Morocco
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	https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

Surface water quality is a vital indicator of environmental health, especially in northwest Morocco. This study evaluates seasonal variations in the surface water quality of the Oued Dradère using the Water Quality Index (WQI). The parameters included pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, nitrates, ammonium, sulfates, phosphates, and BOD₅, which were analyzed at three stations during the humid and dry seasons. The results of WQI values ranged from 66.51 to 158.30, classifying water from fair to unsuitable based on station and season, station 1 exhibited fair quality (WQI: 66.51) during the dry season, suitable for irrigation, station 2 recorded the poorest quality (WQI: 158.30), unsuitable for any use due to high pollutant levels, and station 3 maintained poor quality across seasons, only suitable for irrigation. The study emphasizes the need for improved water management strategies to reduce pollution, ensure sustainable water use, and protect public health in the region.

Oued Dradère, surface water quality, Water Quality Index (WQI), Morocco

AMA Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M.. Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska. 2026; 28. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

ACM Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M.. 2026. Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska. 28. DOI:https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

ACS Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M., Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 2026, 28, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

APA Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M. (2026). Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 28, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

ABNT Style
ESSAMETT A., ESSALHI F., RHZALI I., ALAIZARI H., ENNOUALI M., OUHSSINE M.. Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, v. 28, p. 128-138, 2026. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

Chicago Style
Amina Essamett. 2026. "Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index". Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 28, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

Harvard Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M. (2026) "Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index", Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 28, pp. 128-138. doi:https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010

IEEE Style
Essamett A., Essalhi F., Rhzali I., Alaizari H., Ennouali M., Ouhssine M., "Seasonal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Oued Dradère Using the Water Quality Index", RoczOchrSrod, vol 28, pp. 128-138. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2026.010